Idiomatic, well-tested Python for applications and libraries.
Topics: Strings, Lists and tuples, Dictionaries, Functions, Classes and objects, Dataclasses, Decorators, Generators and laziness, Exceptions, Testing and test data
Libraries: collections, itertools, functools, dataclasses, typing, pytest
Recommended mix: Beginner 25% · Easy 30% · Medium 30% · Hard 10% · Expert 5%
Scripting and automation around builds, deployments, configuration and logs.
Topics: Files and configuration, Parsing text, JSON, Log analysis, HTTP and REST APIs, Retries and backoff, CI/CD automation, Infrastructure as code, Threads and concurrency, AWS SDK (Boto3-style), Kubernetes
Libraries: pathlib, json, PyYAML, requests, boto3, kubernetes, subprocess, concurrent.futures
Recommended mix: Beginner 15% · Easy 30% · Medium 35% · Hard 15% · Expert 5%
Production AI features — APIs around models, retrieval, evaluation and resilient integrations.
Topics: Vectors and embeddings, asyncio, Validation and schemas, LLM integration, Retrieval-augmented generation, Model evaluation, Retries and backoff, Streaming responses, AI agents and tools, MCP and JSON-RPC
Libraries: asyncio, FastAPI, Pydantic, httpx, NumPy, pandas, LangChain, LangGraph, Amazon Bedrock
Recommended mix: Beginner 10% · Easy 25% · Medium 35% · Hard 20% · Expert 10%
LLM applications end to end — prompts, context windows, RAG, agents and tool calling.
Topics: LLM integration, Retrieval-augmented generation, Vectors and embeddings, Streaming responses, AI agents and tools, MCP and JSON-RPC, Retries and backoff, Resilience patterns, Validation and schemas
Libraries: OpenAI SDK, Amazon Bedrock, LangChain, LangGraph, FastMCP, tiktoken, Pydantic
Recommended mix: Beginner 10% · Easy 25% · Medium 35% · Hard 20% · Expert 10%
Customer-specific integrations built fast and debugged in production.
Topics: JSON, ETL pipelines, HTTP and REST APIs, Pagination, Validation and schemas, SQL patterns in Python, Rate limiting, Retries and backoff, LLM integration
Libraries: requests, httpx, pandas, csv, json, SQLAlchemy, Pydantic
Recommended mix: Beginner 10% · Easy 30% · Medium 35% · Hard 20% · Expert 5%
Internal platforms — deployment ordering, capacity, rollouts and self-service tooling.
Topics: Kubernetes, Graphs, Simulation and state machines, Rate limiting, Infrastructure as code, Hashing, Monitoring and alerting
Libraries: kubernetes, PyYAML, networkx, hashlib
Recommended mix: Beginner 10% · Easy 25% · Medium 35% · Hard 20% · Expert 10%
Reliability through measurement — SLOs, alerting, incident tooling and resilience patterns.
Topics: Log analysis, Monitoring and alerting, Statistics, Retries and backoff, Resilience patterns, Simulation and state machines, Kubernetes, Intervals
Libraries: prometheus_client, statistics, datetime, asyncio
Recommended mix: Beginner 10% · Easy 25% · Medium 35% · Hard 20% · Expert 10%
Cloud resources as code — tagging, cost, regions, policies and automation.
Topics: AWS SDK (Boto3-style), IAM and policies, Pagination, Infrastructure as code, Monitoring and alerting, Dictionaries
Libraries: boto3, botocore, google-cloud, azure-sdk
Recommended mix: Beginner 15% · Easy 30% · Medium 30% · Hard 20% · Expert 5%
AWS with Boto3 — paginators, S3, EC2, CloudWatch and IAM, practised against mocked clients.
Topics: AWS SDK (Boto3-style), IAM and policies, Pagination, Retries and backoff, Security automation
Libraries: boto3, botocore, moto
Recommended mix: Beginner 15% · Easy 30% · Medium 35% · Hard 15% · Expert 5%
Services and APIs — caching, validation, idempotency, rate limiting and data integrity.
Topics: HTTP and REST APIs, Validation and schemas, Caching, Rate limiting, Retries and backoff, asyncio, JSON, Streaming responses
Libraries: FastAPI, Django, Flask, Pydantic, SQLAlchemy, Redis
Recommended mix: Beginner 10% · Easy 30% · Medium 35% · Hard 20% · Expert 5%
Reliable data pipelines — parsing, cleaning, deduplication, windowing and aggregation.
Topics: ETL pipelines, SQL patterns in Python, JSON, Parsing text, Generators and laziness, Dictionaries, Statistics
Libraries: pandas, PyArrow, Polars, csv, SQLAlchemy, Apache Spark
Recommended mix: Beginner 15% · Easy 30% · Medium 30% · Hard 20% · Expert 5%
The Python around models — features, metrics, similarity and anomaly detection.
Topics: Vectors and embeddings, Statistics, Model evaluation, ETL pipelines, Lists and tuples
Libraries: NumPy, pandas, scikit-learn, PyTorch
Recommended mix: Beginner 15% · Easy 25% · Medium 35% · Hard 20% · Expert 5%
Shipping and operating models — monitoring, canaries, evaluation gates and scheduling.
Topics: Monitoring and alerting, Model evaluation, Statistics, Simulation and state machines, CI/CD automation
Libraries: MLflow, Kubeflow, prometheus_client, NumPy
Recommended mix: Beginner 10% · Easy 25% · Medium 35% · Hard 20% · Expert 10%
Kubernetes from Python — resource quantities, pod health, rollouts and autoscaling.
Topics: Kubernetes, Simulation and state machines, Monitoring and alerting, Parsing text
Libraries: kubernetes, PyYAML, kopf
Recommended mix: Beginner 15% · Easy 25% · Medium 35% · Hard 15% · Expert 10%
Desired-state automation — plans, drift, configuration and scheduling.
Topics: Infrastructure as code, Files and configuration, Parsing text, Dictionaries, Graphs, Dates and times
Libraries: python-terraform, Ansible, Pulumi, PyYAML, Jinja2
Recommended mix: Beginner 15% · Easy 30% · Medium 35% · Hard 15% · Expert 5%
Security automation — secrets detection, policy analysis, dependency risk and masking.
Topics: Security automation, IAM and policies, Regular expressions, Validation and schemas, Log analysis
Libraries: re, hashlib, bandit, safety, cryptography
Recommended mix: Beginner 15% · Easy 30% · Medium 30% · Hard 20% · Expert 5%
Python on the server side of a product — formatting, validation, search and streaming.
Topics: Strings, Formatting output, Validation and schemas, Tries, Streaming responses, HTTP and REST APIs
Libraries: FastAPI, Django, Flask, Jinja2
Recommended mix: Beginner 20% · Easy 30% · Medium 30% · Hard 15% · Expert 5%
Data structures and algorithms with practical framing, as in SDE interviews.
Topics: Hashing, Sorting, Stacks and queues, Heaps, Graphs, Binary search, Dynamic programming, Tries, Intervals, Time and space complexity
Libraries: collections, heapq, bisect, functools
Recommended mix: Beginner 15% · Easy 25% · Medium 35% · Hard 20% · Expert 5%
Reliable scripts and bots — files, schedules, APIs, retries and parallel work.
Topics: Files and configuration, Dates and times, HTTP and REST APIs, Retries and backoff, Threads and concurrency, Testing and test data, Pagination
Libraries: pathlib, schedule, requests, concurrent.futures, pytest
Recommended mix: Beginner 15% · Easy 30% · Medium 35% · Hard 15% · Expert 5%
Design trade-offs proven in code — failover, partitioning, consistency and cost.
Topics: Resilience patterns, Hashing, Simulation and state machines, Dynamic programming, Graphs, Rate limiting
Libraries: boto3, asyncio, hashlib
Recommended mix: Beginner 5% · Easy 20% · Medium 35% · Hard 25% · Expert 15%